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Occupational Performance History Interview II (OPHI-II) Version 2.1, 2004
Authors: Gary Kielhofner, Trudy Mallinson, Carrie Crawford, Meika Nowak, Matt Rigby, Alexis Henry, and Deborah Walens.
The OPHI-II is an historical interview intended to give a broad and detailed appreciation of a person's life history, the impact of disability, and the direction in which the person would like to take his or her life. Occupational identity, occupational competence, and occupational settings (environment) are explored to give a full and rich picture of each individual client. Taking advantage of the use of narrative, the OPHI-II gives clients the opportunity to reflect upon, continue, or remake life stories.
The OPHI-II is designed for use with an occupational therapy client who is capable of responding to a life history interview. A series of recommended questions and flow charts for guiding the interview are provided to help the therapist learn how to conduct the interview.
OPHI-II Version 2.1 now includes paper KEYFORMS that can be used to obtain numerical client scores from the scale ratings. Numbers are short hand references that measure something just like a ruler. In this case the numbers you obtain measure identity,competence, and positive environmental impact of the client. These numbers can be used to enhance clinical understanding, such as comparing the scores that different client's get on the scales. Therapists can also be aggregated to characterize the type of clients that are being seen.
Keys for each of the three OPHI-II scales have been developed to allow the therapist to obtain interval measures immediately.The OPHI-II keys have the following advantages:
1) They convert ordinal level data to interval level data without the necessity of computer analysis.
2) They allow a measure to be obtained even when data is missing (i.e., when 1 or more of the items are not rated).
3) They allow the therapist to identify when a person rated on the OPHI-II scales deviates from the usual pattern of ratings. Such deviation is often helpful when interpreting a client’s scores.
To see an example of the “Occupational
Identity Scale”, click here. (PDF file.)
To see an example of the items on all three scales on the “OPHI-II Data Summary Sheet” click here.(PDF file.)
To see an example of the "OPHI-II Keys", click here.(PDF file.)
The OPHI-II manual includes “Occupational Identity Scale”, “Occupational Competence Scale”, “Occupational Settings(Environment) Scale”, “OPHI-II additional Notes/Rating Scales", “OPHI-II Cinical Summary Report Form”, and “Life History Narrative Form”. All forms are reproducible.
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The OPHI-II version 2.1 has an error in the time/effort rating criteria for the Occupational Settings (Environment) Scale items on page 139. Please use this corrected page when rating these items.
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This assessment is discussed and illustrated with a case in chapter 17 of The Model Of Human Occupation: Theory and Application (Kielhofner, 2008).
Additional information (references, research, and clinical discussion regarding this assessment) can be found in the Evidence-Based Practice section of this website by selecting this assessment.